Cold+War-+The+Big+Picture



**Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO.** **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** **[|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO]** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**


 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS**

- arguments broke out in the United Nations - tried to bring the countries together and unite them ||
 * **CONTAINMENT

-first implemented by the US in 1947 in response to ** communism -it's meant to prevent -through political, economic, and diplomatic methods -the growth of a hostile country's territory -to limit the country's ideological influence ||  ||  ||
 * George Kenean ||  ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE

- mandated an active role for the United States in containing the spread of communism around the world - formed the backbone of America's cold war policy -** led to the financial and military entanglements throughout the war, including the wars in Korea and Vietnam ||
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN

- there was danger that nations like France, Italy, and Great Britain may fall under Moscow's influence - Secretary of State, George C Marshall revealed Washington's response to the great danger that is listed above -would jump-start European reconstruction and restore the superpower balance of power came in Marshall's graduation address following his acceptance of an honorary degree ** || ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT**

- a massive transfer of essential supplies flown into Berlin, Germany during 1948 and 1949 by British and U.S. forces in around-the-clock missions. - they would deliver things no matter what the conditions were - July 26, 1948, the Western powers halted all trade with East Germany in retaliation for the blockade - Soviets ended the blockade on May 12, 1949 ||
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT

-rested on the core idea that each member nation would treat an attack on any other member as an attack on itself -the US offered to help NATO because of its developing nuclear weapons -the Soviet Union created the Warsaw Pact in response to NATO -this began the race for military dominance ** || ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC

-** red scare refers to the irrational but rampant fear of communism that swept the US twice during the 20th century - the trial of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg for conspiracy to commit espionage in wartime -during the trial the Soviet Union exploded its first nuclear bomb - HUAC began to target actors, directors, and writers in the movie industry for suspected communist ties -blacklists formed because of this and the careers of the people on this list were ruined || - Mao Zedong became the head of the new Communist state -Americans were shocked by the defeat and viewed the takeover as a plot to rule the world, so they blamed the State Department for this failure -events in Korea contributed to this fear || ||
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA** -in September of 1949 the communist defeated the Nationalists in a civil war in China
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR

No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** || - he declared that there were a list of State Department members who were communists -he began to launch a hunt for these communists -this term is named for the reckless charges against innocent citizens || ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM** - Joseph McCarthy: republican politician from WI
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE

-the superpowers began a space race in 1957 - Soviet Union sends the first satellite into space and this meant that they had a missile powerful enough to reach the US - Eisenhower met in Paris with a Soviet Premier - two weeks after the Soviet Union shot down an American U-2 plane ** ||